<.>DP=202407$<.>

Savchuk, O. .
    Legal Support of Economic Activity in the Conditions of the Pandemic [Електронний ресурс] / O. Savchuk, A. Matvieieva, D. Kritskiy // Integrated Computer Technologies in Mechanical Engineering - 2022 (ICTM 2022) : Conference proceedings, 28-29 October 2022, Kharkiv. - 2023. - P. 453-464. - (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ; Vol. 657). - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36201-9_39. - [В Scopus вказана інша організація для авторів: Савчук О. О., Матвєєва А. В.]
   Перевод заглавия: Правове забезпечення господарської діяльності в умовах пандемії

УДК

346.1

Аннотация: The article considers the legal nature, types and features of special legal regimes of economic activity, highlights their general features and criteria. The criteria for assigning one or another legal regime to a special regime of economic activity are determined. It is alleged that the regime established on the territory of Ukraine in order to prevent the spread of acute respiratory disease COVID - 19 caused by the coronavirus SARS - CoV - 2 falls under the criteria of a special regime of economic activity. The authors proved that the regime of economic activity in a pandemic should be attributed to the restrictive special regimes of economic activity. The state of legal support of economic activity in the conditions of a pandemic is also analyzed. The system of normative legal acts, which are an important legal means of overcoming the pandemic on the territory of Ukraine, is singled out. It is established that a necessary element of creating an effective mechanism for carrying out economic activities is a modern and flexible system of legal support for the activities of economic entities. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the system of legal support of economic activity in Ukraine today is seriously influenced by the regulations of the World Health Organization, as well as the system of EU acts. The main problems and prospects of updating the system of legislative support for economic activity in the conditions of economic destabilization are studied.

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Berchenko, H. .
    Judicial interpretation as informal constitutional changes: questions of legitimacy in the aspect of the doctrine of constituent power [Електронний ресурс] / H. Berchenko // Access to Justice in Eastern Europe. - 2024. - Vol. 7, iss. 2. - P. 39-62. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.33327/AJEE-18-7.2-a000203 . - ISSN 2663-0575. - ISSN 2663-0583
   Перевод заглавия: Судове тлумачення як неформальні конституційні зміни: питання легітимності в аспекті доктрини установчої влади

УДК

342.56

342.4(477)

Аннотация: Abstract Background: Stability is considered a traditional legal value, particularly in relation to the stability of the constitution. This emphasis on stability stems from the need to protect the text of the constitution from frequent and unreasonable changes. However, stability must be combined with dynamism, a task primarily shouldered by the judicial branch of power through constitutional interpretation. Notably, ideas of judicial rule-making and the notion of a living/invisible constitution are only some manifestations of such a phenomenon as informal changes to the constitution. Yet, the potential risks posed by judicial intervention and the legitimacy concerns surrounding such informal changes warrant scrutiny. What is the correlation of informal constitutional changes through interpretation with the traditional doctrine of sovereign constituent power? What should be the limit of the interpretation of the constitution so that such an interpretation is not recognised as abusive? These and other issues are the focal point of research in the article. Methods: The following methods were used to research the main approaches to informal changes to the constitution. The system-structural method was used to characterise the concept of a living and invisible constitution and varieties of informal constitutional changes and to establish the relationship between these concepts. The logical-legal method made it possible to find out the content of the positions of scientists regarding the potential violation of the boundaries of interpretation of the constitution by the courts, as well as arguments for and against the legitimacy of judicial interpretation, an assessment of informal changes in the constitution from the standpoint of modern views on the doctrine of constituent power. Additionally, the comparative method was employed to study the experience of foreign countries in terms of the characterisation of binding interpretation. Results and Conclusions: The study analyses the current state of the concept of informal changes to the constitution through judicial interpretation, its connection with the doctrine of constituent power, as well as the question of the legitimacy of such an interpretation and its limits. The primary conclusion is that judicial activity guarantees the protection of the material constitution, principles and human rights. That is, the judiciary does not allow sovereign decisions made democratically (by the people) to infringe on human rights. Thus, the text of the constitution is interpreted in a conformal way to individual rights. Questions about the role of the judiciary, the possibility of informal changes to the constitution, and judicial law-making as such can be an indicator for distinguishing between authoritarian/totalitarian countries and democratic ones.

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Holubnycha, L. .
    History of problem-solving teaching and learning evolution [Електронний ресурс] = Історія еволюції проблемного методу викладання та навчання / L. Holubnycha, O. Kuznetsova, D. Demchenko // History of Science and Technology. - 2024. - Vol. 14, iss. 1. - P. 64-84. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2024-14-1-64-84 . - ISSN 2415-7422

УДК	[378:93]:37.013-057.87

Аннотация: The article focuses on the development of the problem-solving method in the history of Pedagogy both in theory and practice. The manuscript purpose is to characterize the history of problem-solving teaching and learning ideas development and instigate and inform their progress and implementation in higher education teaching practice in the second half of the 20th century. The methods used during the research were 1) methods of the theoretical level (analysis, synthesis, generalization) for clarifying the definition of the notion, singling out the shifts in the underlying ideas of the problem-solving method throughout human history, specifying the application of the problem-solving teaching method at universities in the second half of the previous century; 2) methods of historical research (historiographical, chronological, logical-historical, historical-typological) for characterizing the development of problem-solving teaching ideas in historical aspect, and determining their essential manifestations. The research results have revealed that problem-solving teaching and learning is perceived as the process of solving cognitive and practical problems by students stimulating their creative and mental activity and promoting their active participation in learning. The problem-solving teaching method that originated in ancient Greece was based on the ideas of famous historical figures and pedagogical practice of progressive educators and has made a long way in its advancement. The paper novelty lies in presenting the generalization of the problem-solving teaching and learning ideas historic evolution in education, in determining the problem-solving method ideas development stages based on the key elements of the given method, covering the structure of thought processes, stages of cognitive development, the significance of the problem situation in thinking and learning, the impact of problem-solving on one’s intellectual potential, in tracing the problem-solving method use in higher education in the second part of the last century. The great potential of problem-solving teaching method was extensively exploited in higher education training practice. Problem-solving teaching and learning ideas and accumulated pedagogically valuable experience of their implementation in higher education provide a valuable theoretical framework and teaching means for future specialists’ intellectual and professional competence ensuring and raising higher education quality.
У статті розглядається розвиток проблемного методу в історії педагогіки як у теорії, так і на практиці. Метою рукопису є охарактеризувати історію розвитку ідей проблемного викладання та навчання, а також з’ясувати та проаналізувати їх впровадження й використання в практиці викладання у закладах вищої освіти у другій половині XX століття. При проведенні дослідження використано методи: 1) теоретичного рівня (аналіз, синтез, узагальнення) для уточнення визначення поняття, виділення змін в основних ідеях проблемного методу протягом історичного суспільного розвитку, висвітлення застосування методу проблемного навчання в університетах у другій половині минулого століття; 2) методи історичного дослідження (історіографічний, хронологічний, логіко-історичний, історико-типологічний) для характеристики розвитку ідей проблемного навчання в історичному аспекті, визначення їх сутнісних проявів. Результати дослідження виявили, що проблемне навчання сприймається як процес розв’язання студентами пізнавальних і практичних задач, що стимулює їх творчу та розумову діяльність, сприяє активній участі у навчанні. Проблемний метод навчання, що виник в Стародавній Греції, був розроблений на основі наукових розвідок і педагогічної практики відомих історичних діячів і прогресивних педагогів і пройшов довгий шлях у своєму розвитку. Новизна роботи полягає в узагальненні історичної еволюції ідей проблемного викладання та навчання в освіті, запропонованій періодизації їх розвитку на основі ключових положень методу, що охоплюють структуру мисленнєвої діяльності, важливість проблемних ситуацій у процесах мислення і навчання, вплив вирішення навчальних проблем на інтелектуальний розвиток, у висвітленні досвіду впровадження проблемного методу у вищій освіті другої половини ХХ ст. Великий потенціал проблемного методу широко використовується увикладацькій та навчальній практиці вищої освіти. Ідеї проблемного викладання та навчання та накопичений педагогічно цінний досвід їх реалізації у вищій освіті створюють цінну теоретичну базу та засоби навчання для формування інтелектуальної та професійної компетентності майбутніх спеціалістів, що забезпечує та підвищує якість вищої освіти.

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Horbachevska, T. .
    Freedom of Religion and Non-discrimination Based on Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation in Ukraine: Corporate Policy Commitments in Situations of Conflicting Social Expectations [Електронний ресурс] / T. Horbachevska, O. Uvarova, D. Vovk // Human Rights Review. - 2024. - Vol. 25, iss. 2. - P. 205-231. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12142-024-00720-z . - Early Access: JUL 2024. - ISSN 1524-8879
   Перевод заглавия: Свобода релігії та недискримінація за гендерною ідентичністю та сексуальною орієнтацією в Україні: зобов’язання корпоративної політики в ситуаціях суперечливих соціальних очікувань

УДК

342.724

305

316.346.2

341.215.4

342.7

Аннотация: Conflicting social expectations in a particular state affect the interpretation and implementation of international human rights law. Ideological, religious, and legal factors related to the protection of freedom of religion or belief (FoRB) and freedom from discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) in Ukraine put businesses under social pressure. Businesses thus face a legitimate dilemma whether to follow national social expectations perceiving FoRB and freedom from discrimination based on SOGI as rights in conflict or expectations arising from international human rights law establishing both freedoms as equal and non-clashing. Based on desk research and in-depth interviews with business policymakers the article identifies neutrality, ignoring, and active engagement strategies when providing corporate respect to FoRB and SOGI under the business and human rights framework ‘Protect, Respect, Remedy’ which requires responsible business conduct. The article concludes with the implications each strategy has for resolving presumed clashes between FoRB and SOGI at the community level

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Kharytonov, S. .
    Criminal responsibility for ecocide resulting from the military aggression of Russia [Електронний ресурс] / S. Kharytonov, R. Orlovskyi, O. Us, A. Iashchenko, O. Maslova // European Journal of Environmental Sciences. - 2024. - Vol. 14, iss. 1. - P. 24-32. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.14712/23361964.2024.3 . - ISSN 1805-0174
   Перевод заглавия: Кримінальна відповідальність за екоцид внаслідок військової агресії Росії

УДК

343.91

343.412

341.322 344.13

Аннотация: Russia's military aggression against Ukraine has led to the destruction of natural resources, ecosystems, and infrastructure. These actions have violated international principles of environmental safety. The hostilities have caused serious damage to nature reserves, wetlands, and soil. Air and water pollution have a transboundary effect. Russia's actions threaten future generations and the climate. That is why the creation of a mechanism to ensure environmental safety is an urgent problem for world civilization. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the criminal responsibility for ecocide in the context of Russia's military aggression and identify the existing legislative problems in this area and ways to overcome them. The methodology of the study of ecocide and its connection with Russia's military aggression includes analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, dialectic, analytics, analogy, abstraction, and generalization. These methods help to reveal the essence of the problem, establish legal norms, and develop recommendations and priorities for regulating ecocide.

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Khrystova, Y. .
    Experience of individual northern european countries in providing protection of justice (criminological aspect and criminal law aspect) [Електронний ресурс] / Y. Khrystova, O. Khrystov, M. Karpenko, V. Shendryk, S. Kasapohlu // Syariah: Jurnal Hukum dan Pemikiran. - 2024. - Vol. 24, iss. 1. - P. 35-51. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.18592/sjhp.v24i1.12491 . - ISSN 1412-6303. - ISSN 2549-001X
   Перевод заглавия: Досвід окремих країн Північної Європи щодо забезпечення захисту правосуддя (кримінологічний аспект та кримінально-правовий аспект)

УДК

343.9

347.997

Аннотация: The purpose of the article is to describes experience of Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden in providing criminological protection of justice. . This article is the qualitative research with a historical and comparative approach. Thus, as of 01 January, 2023, employees of the Court Security Service in Ukraine ensured public order and security in 590 appellate and local courts and bodies of the justice system, which is more than 80% of their total number , and as of 01 January 2024 security was ensured in 639 (87 %) objects of the justice system. To a large extent, this is related to introduction of restrictions in Ukraine provided for by martial law as a result of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation.The results of the study concluded that the it has been established that today in some countries of Northern Europe, in contrast to Ukraine, permanent security checks for all visitors are implemented only in those courts where such checks are needed for security reasons, and implementation of such a criminological function is entrusted to security inspectors represented by police officers, court employees, as well as security companies. Based on the results of the research, promising directions for improving activities of the Court Security Service of Ukraine were determined, and expediency of strategic planning practice in the sphere of ensuring protection of justice in Ukraine was also emphasized.

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Kovalenko, I. .
    From a subject to an agent, from society to community in conditions of the market of identities, abilities and freedoms [Електронний ресурс] / I. Kovalenko, Y. Meliakova, E. Kalnytskyi, K. Nesterenko // Cogito. - 2023. - Vol. 15, iss. 4. - P. 30-59. - [DOI відсутній] . - ISSN 2068-6706
   Перевод заглавия: Від суб’єкта до агента, від суспільства до спільноти в умовах ринку ідентичностей, здібностей і свобод

УДК

1

340.12

1:316

314/316

316.32:004

Аннотация: The synergetics of open systems, refracted into the field of social relations, demonstrates new principles and forms of group behavior - corporatism, involvement, conventionalism, non-collective community, beingtogether. The dissipative nature of modern society overturns the institutional order in it and makes it necessary to get rid of ideological identity, along with this, the reason for the ideological and class struggle disappears. However, there are other problems associated with somatic identity, employment, consumerism and social precarity, which are sufficient causes for conflicts. To resolve actual social contradictions, an appeal is made to the concept of natural rights and the paradigm of performativity, which highlight physical body in the mode of its presence and natural desire. Thus, the panoptical neoliberal social space, traditionally referred to as society, today is a spontaneous alliance of single agents publicly manifesting their individual needs and the right to satisfy them.

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Kravtsov, S. .
    Online Dispute Resolution – From Origins to the Present [Електронний ресурс] / S. Kravtsov // Juridical Tribune - Review of Comparative and Internationa. - 2024. - Vol. 14, iss. 2. - P. 243-259. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.62768/TBJ/2024/14/2/05 . - ISSN 3008-637X
   Перевод заглавия: Вирішення суперечок онлайн – від витоків до сьогодення

УДК

347.91/.95(477)(094.4)

341.61

Аннотация: This article explores the historical evolution of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) against the backdrop of the internet’s inception and development. In the early years, the internet was largely restricted to government organizations, the military, and scientific institutions. Censorship was prevalent, limiting the emergence of disputes within this limited virtual environment. To overcome these constraints, private commercial online services like CompuServe and AOL emerged, offering content-rich platforms but with limited connectivity. This limitation inadvertently reduced the incidence of disputes. However, unrestricted access to online services led to cases of identity deception and abuse, exemplified by the infamous case of a virtual persona, ‘Joan’. The ‘Joan’ incident underscored the challenges of managing online interactions in the absence of regulatory mechanisms. It prompted the emergence of system administrators responsible for balancing content policies and First Amendment rights. The article also delves into the early legal landscape concerning online communication and the challenges of regulating content and expression. This historical analysis offers insights into the origins of ODR, highlighting the need for effective dispute resolution mechanisms in the evolving digital landscape. It sheds light on the internet’s journey from a closed network to a global platform, raising critical questions about identity, freedom of expression, and the role of administrators in online governance.
INTERNET HISTORY

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Malewski, H. .
    Geopolitical factors in the formation of a new school of criminalistics in the intermarium region of Europe [Електронний ресурс] / H. Malewski, S. Matulienė, V. E. Kurapka, J. Kasprzak, V. Shepitko // International Comparative Jurisprudence. - 2024. - Vol. 10, iss. 1. - P. 130-143. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.13165/j.icj.2024.06.009 . - ISSN 2351-6674
   Перевод заглавия: Геополітичні чинники формування нової школи криміналістики в межмор’йському регіоні Європи

УДК

343.98

Аннотация: The idea of an alliance between Central and Eastern Europe and parts of the Balkans, otherwise known as the Intermarium or the Three Seas Initiative, is not a new one, but it has been given new impetus in our time as this region has developed substantial common interests – not only in the political and economic spheres, but also in other areas. If we look at the idea of the Intermarium, or more specifically the Three Seas concept, we see that 12 European Union countries are formally involved (Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia). Greece was admitted to the Alliance in Bucharest in September 2023, while Ukraine and Moldova became associate members. In April 2024, an Intermarium Summit took place in Vilnius where important resolutions were adopted, including on security. The division of criminalistics into four main traditional schools (Germanic, Romance, Anglo-Saxon and Eastern European) which emerged in the second stage of its development in the 20th century is well known. There are no purely national ‘schools of criminalistics’, since each country is in the process of analysing the positive experiences (scientific and applied) of other countries and adapting them to its own purposes. This scientific term is therefore significant first and foremost as a basis for scientific classification, but also reflects the geopolitical vectors of each country. In regard to the development of a specific science such as criminalistics in the context of public security, we need to consider the influence of various factors on this process. In each country, criminalistics, as both a science and an applied field, begins based on the paradigms of one of the main schools before being further saturated with national content. The latter process depends not only on the existing law and its doctrine, the functioning system of law enforcement institutions, and the economic and social conditions, but also on the history, culture, traditions, and geopolitics of the country. The aim of this article, written by authors from three Intermarium countries, is to show, on the basis of an analysis of the most important developments in the forensic sciences of the countries of Eastern and Central Europe in recentdecades, the prerequisites for the formation of a new school of criminalistics in the Intermarium countries. It also seeks to provide insights into the future directions of this process in the context of geopolitical changes.

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Miroshnichenko, D. .
    Polyamide-Polylactide-Humic Substances Biocomposites Hybrid Modification Sustainable Development Technolog [Електронний ресурс] / D. Miroshnichenko, M. Cherkashyna, A. K. Sokolova, V. Lebedev, V. Purys, A. Kariev, S. Bogatyrenko, M. Miroshnychenko // Petroleum and Coal. - 2024. - Vol. 66, iss. 2. - P. 758-766. - [DOI відсутній] . - ISSN 1337-7027
   Перевод заглавия: Поліамід-полілактид-гумінові речовини Біокомпозити Гібридна модифікація Технологія сталого розвитку

УДК

349.6

Аннотация: In this article, new hybrid biocomposites based on polyamide, PLA and humic substances were developed and studied. The legal regulation peculiarities to ensuring environmental industrial enterprises’ safety through the development of biocomposites technologies in Ukraine are considered. It has been established that humic substances, which were obtained from brown coals by extraction method, are characterized by nanodispersion in the range of 52-380 nm. It was found that due to the presence of a large number of active functional groups on the surface of such nanoparticles of humic substances is a hybrid modification of polyamide-polylactide biocomposite by the mechanism of template synthesis, which is accompanied by an increase in the degree of crystallization and the formation of a more rigid polymer structure, which allows to obtain hybrid biopolymer nanocomposites with significant impact strength and breaking stress during bending. It was also found that the obtained hybrid biocomposites based on polyamide- polylactide matrix and humic substances can be used to produce membrane-covering materials for wounds, implants, medical devices and products for dermatological treatment.

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Reznik, O. M..
    The features of e-declaration as an effective tool to prevent corruptio [Електронний ресурс] / O. M. Reznik, V. Shendryk, O. Zapototska, E. Popovich. M. Pochtovyi // Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues. - 2019. - Vol. 22, spec. iss. 2. - P. [1-6] . - ISSN 1544-0036. - ISSN 1544-0044
   Перевод заглавия: Особливості електронного декларування як ефективного інструменту запобігання корупції

УДК

343.3

343.35:35.08

Аннотация: The article defines international legal documents, the provisions of which are aimed at regulating relations in the field of prevention and counteraction to corruption. On the example of European countries (in particular, the Federal Republic of Germany, Great Britain, Poland) the features of the system of declaration of incomes of civil servants are considered. The main provisions of the United Nations Convention against Corruption and the Criminal Law Convention on Combating Corruption of the Council of Europe on measures to overcome and counteract corruption, including by introducing a system of compulsory declaration of incomes by civil servants are highlighted. The historical aspects of the formation and formation of anti-corruption legislation of Ukraine in accordance with European standards are analyzed, as well as the analysis of the norms of the current legislation of Ukraine, which regulates the peculiarities of electronic declaration. On the basis of the analysis of the norms of legislation on prevention of corruption, electronic declarations have been classified.

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Topchyi, R. .
    Exploring the future of UAE judiciary: AI integration, bias mitigation, and systemic enhancements [Електронний ресурс] / R. Topchyi // CEUR Workshop Proceedings : 1st International Workshop of Young Scientists on Artificial Intelligence for Sustainable Development, AISD 2024 (Ternopil, 10-11 May 2024) / ed: M. Dyvak, O. Pitsun. - 2024. - Vol. 3716, Code 200711. - P. 71-78. - [DOI відсутній] . - ISBN 1613-0073
   Перевод заглавия: Дослідження майбутнього судової системи ОАЕ: інтеграція ШІ, пом’якшення упередженості та системні вдосконалення

УДК

004.8

Аннотация: In an era marked by unprecedented advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), the legal landscape of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) stands poised at the intersection of tradition and innovation. This publication delves into the multifaceted realm of law within the UAE, envisioning its future trajectory through the lens of AI integration, bias mitigation strategies, and systemic enhancements. By navigating through the intricate dynamics of AI applications in legal proceedings, this study aims to shed light on the transformative potential of technology in bolstering the efficacy and accessibility of the judicial system. Moreover, it critically examines the pervasive issue of bias within legal frameworks, proposing proactive measures to mitigate its impact and ensure equitable dispensation of justice. Through an exploration of systemic improvements, including digitalization initiatives and jurisdictional reforms, this research underscores the imperative of adapting legal structures to meet the evolving needs of society. By synthesizing theoretical insights with empirical analysis, this thesis offers actionable recommendations for policymakers, legal practitioners, and technologists, envisioning a future where the UAE legal landscape emerges as a global exemplar of innovation, fairness, and efficiency.

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Tsuvina, T. .
    Judicial independence de jure and de facto: lessons for Ukraine from the case law of the ECtHR [Електронний ресурс] / T. Tsuvina, A. Yu. Serhieieva // International Comparative Jurisprudence. - 2024. - Vol. 10, iss. 1. - P. 50-60. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.13165/j.icj.2024.06.004 . - ISSN 2351-6674
   Перевод заглавия: Незалежність судів de jure та de facto: уроки для України з практики ЄСПЛ

УДК

341.645:341.231.14](4)

342.56

347.962

Аннотация: The principle of judicial independence is a fundamental tenet of the rule of law and fair trial standards. The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) identifies four criteria for evaluating judicial independence: (a) the manner of a judge’s appointment; (b) the duration of such an appointment; (c) safeguards against external influence; and (d) the appearance of independence. The ECtHR also distinguishes several dimensions of judicial independence, including independence vis-à-vis the executive, parliament, other courts, and parties, as well as independence from judicial councils. Nevertheless, despite the existence of shared European principles on judicial independence, certain countries, particularly those undergoing transitions, encounter challenges such as political interference, corruption, and insufficient safeguards against dismissal. This results in a discernible disjunction between de jure and de facto judicial independence. This article poses the following research questions: What are the main approaches and common challenges for judicial independence in European countries based on the latest case law of the ECtHR? What lessons can be learned by Ukraine, as an EU candidate, from this case law in order to mitigate the gap between de jure and de facto judicial independence?

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Vovk, D. .
    The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Soviet Political Religion, and Soviet Law [Електронний ресурс] / D. Vovk // Review of Faith and International Affairs. - 2023. - Vol. 21, Iss. 4. - P. 79-86. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15570274.2023.2272444. - [Scopus. Вказана інша організація] . - ISSN 1557-0274
   Перевод заглавия: Загальна декларація прав людини, радянська політична релігія та радянське право

УДК

342.7

94(477)“1921/1991”

Аннотация: This article discusses the Soviet contribution to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and the interplay between the UDHR and Soviet legal system. The paper focuses on legal aspects of the Soviet Union’s lack of interest in the UDHR and argues that, due to the nature of the Soviet political regime, which can be defined as a political religion, Soviet law itself was fully incompatible with any meaningful idea of human rights. In order to demonstrate this incompatibility, the paper explores three aspects of Soviet law: Marxist-Leninist philosophy of law as the ideological premise of Soviet legal system; Soviet understanding of human rights; and Soviet theory of international law. The paper ends with a discussion of the role the UDHR played in Soviet and post-Soviet law.

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Social protection strategies in relations between Ukraine and the European Union [Електронний ресурс] / O. M. Yaroshenko, O. I. Demenko, O. V. Moskalenko, A. M. Sliusar, N. M. Vapnyarchuk // Revista Brasileira de Alternative Dispute Resolution. - 2024. - Vol. 6, Iss. 11. - P. 211-232. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.52028/rbadr.v6.i11.ART13.UKR . - ISSN 2596-3201
   Перевод заглавия: Стратегії соціального захисту у відносинах між Україною та Європейським Союзом

УДК

349.22

364

341.171(4-6ЄС)

Аннотация: In today’s world, social protection is becoming an increasingly important topic that combines economic, political, and social aspects. Regardless of the level of development of a country, people are constantly looking for ways to ensure their well-being and protect themselves from negative influences. Social protection strategies are of particular importance in relations between Ukraine and the European Union. Ukraine, as a sovereign state, monitors the needs of its population and tries to adapt its social system to European standards. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to analyze the current state and prospects for the development of social protection strategies in Ukraine in the context of cooperation with the European Union to identify possible areas for improving the social sphere and ensuring a high level of social protection for the Ukrainian population. The study uses a variety of methods, including analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparative legal, dialectical, and others. Considering cooperation with the European Union helps to solve socioeconomic problems and ensure a high level of social protection.

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Zakomorna, K. O..
    Legal Guarantees of Physical Activity as Determinants of the Human Right to Health: The Ukrainian Experience in the European Integration Context [Електронний ресурс] / K. O. Zakomorna, O. Poproshaiev, O. Poproshaieva, V. Muntian, A. Prikhodko // Nordic Journal of Human Rights. - 2024. - P. [1-18]. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/18918131.2024.2365536. - [Автор Закоморна К. О. не працює з 01.09.2022 р.] . - [Published online: 22 Jul 2024]. - ISSN 1891-8131
   Перевод заглавия: Правові гарантії фізичної активності як детермінанти права людини на здоров’я: український досвід у євроінтеграційному контекстіРУБ DOI: 10.1080/18918131.2024.2365536

Аннотация: The fact that physical activity (PA) is considered an important tool for promoting human health and a determinant of the right to health has contributed to the promotion of a separate human right to PA at the global level. This article compares the government policies and legal mechanisms for ensuring the right of citizens to health through PA in various EU member states and Ukraine. It has been established that in the absence of a single standard or conditions for implementing this right, the experiences of different European states are different in significant ways. According to our findings, the obstacles to ensuring the right of citizens to PA in Ukraine are due to (1) an inconsistent national development strategy, and adoption of unsystematic regulations without effective mechanisms for their practical implementation; (2) a lack of effective sectoral programs on PA for different social groups; (3) a low level of interest of the majority of citizens in PA as a means of promoting human health. The problem of realizing the rights of Ukrainian citizens has become much more acute due to the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation, starting in February 2022.

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Yaroshenko, O. M.
    Social protection of the self-employed in the EU [Електронний ресурс] / O. M. Yaroshenko, A. P. Getman, O. Ye. Lutsenko, Leonid V. Mohilevskyi, A. O. Tkachuk // Sociologia e Ricerca Sociale. - 2024. - Iss. 133. - P. 148-166. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3280/SR2024-133008 . - ISSN 1121-1148
   Перевод заглавия: Соціальний захист самозайнятих осіб в ЄС

УДК

364

349.2

Аннотация: Introduction. Modern states implement social policy according to different models. However, in any case, the main goal of the social policy of a modern state is to ensure a high level of social protection of citizens. This goal is achieved through the social security system. Its main function is to guarantee social security (in terms of the established standard of living and living conditions) through activities aimed at reducing and compensating for the consequences of social risk (events that lead to loss or reduction of income).The concept of social security is widely used in European countries, which is reflected in a specific branch of law - social security law. Thus, social security is a system of institutionalized tangible and intangible benefits aimed at ensuring and meeting the basic needs of all members of a particular community. This system is based on the idea of social solidarity, where, unlike the liberal doctrine, the role of the state in establishing social security is not in doubt (International Labour Organisation, 1952). The state assumes the role of coordinator and "fills" such legal measures as social insurance, social security, and social assistance with meaningful elements (Yaroshenko et al., 2023).

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Yaroshenko, O. M..
    Legal status of the self-employed person in the field of social protection in Ukraine [Електронний ресурс] / O. M. Yaroshenko, Y. Y. Ivchuk, L. J. Maliuha, O. S. Nesterovych, O. Ye. Lutsenko // International Journal of Discrimination and the Law. - 2024. - Vol. 24, iss. 3. - P. 217-233. - DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/13582291241264181 . - [Ранній доступ / Early Access: July 22, 2024]. - ISSN 1358-2291
   Перевод заглавия: Правовий статус самозайнятої особи у сфері соціального захисту в Україні

УДК	349.2:349.3:331.102.12

Аннотация: Due to the existence of many scientific studies and various statements regarding the legal status of the self-employed person and their legal status in the field of social protection. It is necessary to conduct a thorough analysis of important aspects of this issue. Especially in times of war, when the unemployment rate is steadily increasing and self-employed persons are increasing their value to the state. This is the reason for the relevance of the study. The purpose of this research is: to determine the legal status of the self-employed person in the field of social protection in Ukraine; to analyze the characteristics of legal regulation applicable to the self-employed; to process data on the basic principles of social security for the self-employed. Important steps are also to analyse the most significant problems faced by self-employed persons in the field of social protection and to discuss possible solutions.

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